Software engineering as a scientific and engineering discipline

A new interpretation of software engineering from scientific, engineering, and practical standpoints is proposed. Software engineering is defined as a successor of programming and computer science, namely, its management theory. Features and attributes of software engineering as an original discipline are founded. The structure, content, and concepts of this discipline and its basic elements are presented. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 3, pp. 19–28, May–June 2008.     

创造新视觉——“视觉艺术”与“科技”的对话

本文以新的角度,通过不同时期人类科技的发展来展示"视觉艺术"的演变,以及科技对"视觉艺术"的影响和两者之间的互动关系。     

Intelligent interaction design: the role of human-computer interaction research in the design of intelligent systems

As more intelligent systems are introduced into the marketplace, it is becoming increasingly urgent to consider usability for such systems. Historically, the two fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and human- computer interaction (HCI) have had little in common. In this paper, we consider how established HCI techniques can usefully be applied to the design and evaluation of intelligent systems, and where there is an urgent need for new approaches. Some techniques - notably those for requirements acquisition and empirical evaluation - can usefully be adopted, and indeed are, within many projects. However, many of the tools and techniques developed within HCI to support design and theory-based evaluation cannot be applied in their present forms to intelligent systems because they are based on inappropriate assumptions; there is consequently a need for new approaches. Conversely, there are approaches that have been developed within AI - e.g. in research on dialogue and on ontologies - that could usefully be adapted and encapsulated to respond to this need. These should form the core of a future research agenda for intelligent interaction design.     

Automated computation and consistency checking of physical dimensions and units in scientific programs

Physical dimensions and units form an essential part of the specification of constants and variables occurring in scientific programs, yet no standard compilable programming language implements direct support for automated dimensional consistency checking and unit conversion. This paper describes a conceptual basis and prototype implementation for such support within the framework of the standard Fortran 90 language. This is accomplished via an external module supplying appropriate user data types and operator interfaces. Legacy Fortran 77 scientific software can be easily modified to compile and run as ‘dimension‐aware’ programs utilizing the proposed enhancements. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

实现事件驱动用户界面规范

本文讨论基于扩充的着色网的事件驱动用户界面规范的实例问题。我们使用扩充的着色网作为对话模型表达互软件的人机交互行为。文中简述了扩充的着色网对话模型,给出 其对象一联系模型及核心算法,最后给出产将扩充的着色网表达的事件驱动用户界面规范转换成可视编程环境的语言程序的方法。     

Sisl: Several Interfaces, Single Logic

Modern interactive services such as information and e-commerce services are becoming increasingly more flexible in the types of user interfaces they support. These interfaces incorporate automatic speech recognition and natural language understanding and include graphical user interfaces on the desktop and web-based interfaces using applets and HTML forms. To what extent can the user interface software be decoupled from the service logic software (the code that defines the essential function of a service)? Decoupling of user interface from service logic directly impacts the flexibility of services, or how easy they are to modify and extend. To explore these issues, we have developed Sisl, an architecture and domain-specific language for designing and implementing interactive services with multiple user interfaces. A key principle underlying Sisl is that all user interfaces to a service share the same service logic. Sisl provides a clean separation between the service logic and the software for a variety of interfaces, including Java applets, HTML pages, speech-based natural language dialogue, and telephone-based voice access. Sisl uses an event-based model of services that allows service providers to support interchangeable user interfaces (or add new ones) to a single consistent source of service logic and data. As part of a collaboration between research and development, Sisl is being used to prototype a new generation of call processing services for a Lucent Technologies switching product.     

论工法及企业开发工法的重要作用

介绍了工法的起源和发展、含义、分类及编写内容;叙述了工法的编写、开发、推广应用工作有利于企业的技术积累和管理标准化,论述了工法开发已成为施工企业特级资质准入的重要一环,以及工法开发在企业发展中带动企业科技进步、提升企业核心竞争力、提高企业经济效益、促进企业可持续发展的作用.     

统筹科技资源的制度创新路径研究

统筹科技资源是我国经济发展的必然要求,但目前我国科技资源的统筹还存在许多问题,这主要是由于体制机制原因造成的.制度创新在推进技术创新,促进经济的发展中具有重要作用,因此,统筹科技资源过程中存在的一些问题可以通过制度创新来解决.故对制度创新以及统筹科技资源的制度创新路径：资源整合制度、创新激励制度、科研经费投入制度和成果转化制度等方面创新进行了论述.     

对高校科研档案管理与开发利用中存在问题的思考

随着高校科研工作的不断发展,科研材料呈几何级数递增,但目前高校普遍存在着科研档案管理与科研工作发展不同步的问题,严重影响了档案体系的完整性与准确性.文章分析了高校科研档案管理面临的挑战和存在的问题,指出了高校科研档案归档范围的主要内容,开展了加强高校科研档案归档导向性思考,提出了推进高校科研档案归档规范管理的措施,以及在开发利用过程中应注意的问题.